Universal pattern in fermion mass ratios and implications for flavor models
Abstract
Particle masses span 12 orders of magnitude — from the electron to the top
quark — with no apparent pattern. This paper reveals that a single
mathematical expression, using only two basic labels (generation number and
electric charge), captures the structure of fermion mass ratios.
Links
Cite
@article{2025_hidden_pattern_particle_masses,
title = {Universal pattern in fermion mass ratios and implications for flavor models},
author = {Samir Varma},
journal = {European Physical Journal C},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14771-0},
}